We have learned by simulating several simple models that the result of random exchanges of wealth between agents causes the wealth to eventually accumulate in a single agent, leading to excessive wealth inequality. We also saw that it is important to have some type of wealth distribution to reduce wealth inequality.
A progressive tax on wealth plus an equal distribution of tax revenue leads to the greatest reduction of wealth inequality among the various taxation and tax revenue distribution mechanisms that we considered.
The big question that is unanswered by the models that we have considered is what policies lead to greater economic growth per capita? Recent studies have shown that if the wealth inequality in a society is too high, economic growth is also limited. If there are too many poor people, who will buy the goods that are produced? So there is much work to be done to understand how to best balance the desire for a just society with a rising standard of living for everyone.